Military Training on Semi-Arid Rangeland:

Assessment of potential training impacts on dominant soil types at Holloman Air Force Base

LIVESTOCK TREATMENT

Please choose the soil type on which you would likely train with livestock.

Characteristics: nearly 100% gypsum soil; less than 200 m from active dunes; little previous anthropogenic disturbance. Characterisitcs: an area of gypsum intergrading with silty, silica-based material; little previous anthropogenic disturbance. Characteristics: partially-indurated gypsum exposed at and near the soil surface; signs of previous disturbance.
Livestock disturbance was tested by riders guiding horses back and forth across test sites ensuring that every point had been disturbed (either having been stepped on or had soil directly kicked onto it) at least once. The number of times the horses passed across each plot was standardized during treatment. Livestock training is generally low impact and can be repeated at relatively high frequency at appropriate sites.
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