+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Jornada Information Managment System | | Project Documentation Form | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | All Jornada Basin LTER (NSF/NMSU) and Jornada Experimental Range (USDA/ARS) research projects | | must be documented on the following form. All research projects under the auspices of the | | Jornada Basin LTER (NSF/NMSU) and Jornada Experimental Range (USDA/ARS) will be described by the | | following standardized form. Information that is not available at this time, must be included | | when it becomes available. In addition, associated data sets must also be described on Dataset | | Documentation Forms and all attributes collected for each data set must also be described on an | | Attribute Documentation Form. All forms are available online at http://jornada-www.nmsu.edu and | | from the data manager. See data manager for any questions regarding this form. | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Project ID: JER1915001 1) Project title: -------------- Permanent Chart Quadrat Data 2) Responsible investigator: ------------------------- Start End Date Date Name ---------- ------- ------------------------- 11/01/1988 ONGOING Kris M. Havstad 3) Date research commenced (mm/dd/yyyy): ------------------------------------- 1915 4) Date research terminated (mm/dd/yyyy): -------------------------------------- ONGOING 5) PI funding the research: ------------------------ 11/01/1988 - ONGOING Kris Havstad, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range 6) Additional investigator(s): --------------------------- 7) Funding agency (ex. NSF, USDA): ------------------------------- USDA/ARS-Jornada Experimental Range 8) Funding cycle (Ex. LTER II, N/A): --------------------------------- N/A 9) Informative abstract (Describe research project completely. Include project OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS.) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Permanent quadrats record vegetation changes since 1915 in a range of grassland and soil texture types. More than 100 1 x 1 m**2 quadrats were set up during 1915-32 to study the response of major forage species to cattle grazing and precipitation. Basal area of perennial grasses, locations of annual grasses, forbs, and shrubs, and sometimes canopy cover of major shrubs were charted. Almost all quadrats were charted annually until 1947, and a portion of the quadrats were charted annually between 1947 and 1979. One hundred and six quadrats were relocated and charted in 1995 and again in 2001. Eleven scientific papers or theses, dating from 1934 to 1988, have used this data set. Currently the data set, along with other long-term data collected at multiple spatial scales, is being used to identify the landscape, climatic, and anthropogenic factors that influence grass abundance, growth, and persistence (Yao et al. 2002a, 2002b). Recent analyses show that persistence of the dominant species black grama is positively related to processes at the quadrat (sand content, perennial grass production) and landscape scales (distance to nearest shrub-dominated community, variation in spring and winter rainfall), but the persistence of this species is negatively related to inter-annual variation in total grass production. Basal areas of black grama, mesa dropseed, and tobosa are correlated with long-term annual precipitation; the highest coefficients occurred with cumulative rainfall in the previous 6 to 8 years. Annual growth rates of these species were correlated with short-term rainfall occurring within the previous 15 months. Black grama response to precipitation was homogeneous among quadrats in persistent grasslands, but heterogeneous among quadrats where shrubs currently dominate. 10) Data set(s) associated with project: ---------------------------------------------------------------- Documentation Data set name file name ------------------------------------------------- ------------- Permanent chart quadrat data PermQuad.dsd Scanned and digitized quadrat field charts QuadImage.dsd Quadrat photos QuadPhoto.dsd Utilization data and species key QuadUtil.dsd Cover class for each species occurred in Daubenmire quadrat QuadDaub.dsd Quadrat Soil data for 2001 QuadSoil.dsd PSL Data Rescue Software PSLRescue.dsd 11) Publications resulting from project research: ---------------------------------------------------------------- Yao, J, D. P. Peters, K. M. Havstad, R. P. Gibbens, and J. E. Herrick. 2002a. Spatial variation in shrub invasion and loss of perennial grasses in the Chihuahuan Desert: a multi-scale approach. (Presented at the 17th Annual Symposium of the International Association for Landscape Ecology United States Regional Association). Yao, J, D. P. Peters, R. P. Gibbens, and K. M. Havstad. 2002b. Response of perennial grasses to precipitation in the northern Chihuahuan desert: implications for grassland restoration. (Presented at the 87th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America). Gibbens, R. P. and R. F. Beck. 1988. Changes in grass basal area and forb densities over a 64-year period on grassland types of the Jornada Experimental Range. Journal of Range Management 41:186-192. Gibbens, R. P. and R. F. Beck. 1987. Increase in number of dominant plants and dominance-classes on a grassland in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Range Management 40: 136-139. Neilson, R. P. 1986. High-resolution climatic analysis and southwest biogeography. Science 232:27-34. Gross, B. D. 1984. Demographic sensitivity of two perennial desert grasses (Bouteloua eriopoda Torr. and Sporobolus flexuosus Thurb.) with inferences toward ecological dominance and subdominance. PhD dissertation, New Mexico State University. Wright, R. G. and G. M. Van Dyne. 1981. Population age structure and its relationship to the maintenance of a semidesert grassland undergoing invasion by mesquite. The Southwestern Naturalist 26:13-22. Wright, R. G. and G. M. Van Dyne. 1976. Environmental factors influencing semidesert grassland perennial grass demography. The Southwestern Naturalist 21:259-274. Wright, R. G. 1972. Computer processing of chart quadrat maps and their use in plant demophic studies. Journal of Range Management 25: 476-478. Dittberner, P. L. 1971. A demographic study of some semidesert grassland plants. MS Thesis, New Mexico State University. Herbel, C. H., P. L. Dittberner, and T. S. Bickle. 1970. A quantitative ecology of the Jornada Experimental Range. Pages I133-I178 in R. G. Wright and G. M. Van Dyne, editors. Simulation and analysis of dynamics of a semi- desert grassland. Range Sci. Dep. Sci. Ser. No. 6. Colorado State University, Fort Collins. Paulsen, H. A. and F. N. Ares. 1962. Grazing values and management of black grama and tobosa grasslands and associated shrub ranges of the southwest. U.S. Dep. Agr. Tech. Bull. No. 1270. Nelson, E. 1934. The influence of precipitation and grazing upon black grama grass range. U.S. Dep. Agr. Tech. Bull. No. 409. 12) Comments (Include any comments that here that more full describe this project): ---------------------------------------------------------------- Date Comments by Comments ----- ----------------- ---------------------------------------- 12/09/2005 Valerie LaPlante SECTION 20 NEEDS REVIEW AND EDITING Subfolder: 1915-79 - files were given to me by Dr. Robert Gibbens. Basal area of perennial grasses, and locations of other plant were charted on the paper. Basal areas of perennial grasses from 1915 to 1979 were manually measured, and numbers of individuals of other plant species during the same period were counted by Dr. Robert Gibbens. Subfolders: 1995 and 2001 - files were collected and generated either by Jin Yao or under her supervision. The 1995 and 2001 charts were digitized and basal area and number of plants were calculated using ArcGIS. File: permquad.e00 - an ArcGIS interchange file, point coverage of the quadrat locations, in UTM NAD27. File: quad_type_coordinate.xls - original vegetation type, x- and y- coordinate for each quadrat. x- and y- coordinates were in UTM NAD27. File: Quadrat_intro.doc - a brief introduction of the permanent chart quadrats. 12/09/2005 Valerie LaPlante The quadrats were set up during 1915-32. From set-up to 1947, the quadrats were charted almost annually. From 1947 to 1979, some quadrats were charted in some years. In 1995, 106 quadrats were found again and their locations were recorded using a Global Positioning System. In 2001, these 106 quadrats plus 14 PSG series quadrats (probably clipping quadrats created in 1930-40s) were charted, soil samples at these quadrats were collected, and vegetation in the 20 x 20 m patches surrounding the quadrats were surveyed. Soil Sample data can be obtained from ??????? herrick ????????????????? 01/11/2006 John Anderson Documentation to meet current information management standards of the data sets listed in section 10 are in progress. They will be placed online when completed. 13) Project file history log: ---------------------------------------------------------------- Project title - Permanent Chart Quadrat Data Project file name - PermQuad.prj ------------------------------------------------------------- mm/dd/yyyy - Date of comment (month/day/year) Int - Initials of person making comment JPA = John P. Anderson JL = Jim Lenz Changes/Updates - List any changes made to document mm/dd/yyyy Int Changes/Updates ---------- --- ----------------------------------------------- 12/09/2005 VL Initial documentation completed 01/11/2005 JPA Documentation converted to new form 02/02/2006 JPA Replaced top header information of this file ---------------------------------------------------------------- END OF PROJECT FILE ----------------------------------------------------------------