<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, D.M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remenyi, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, L.W.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Using time-series intervention analysis to model cow heart rate affected by programmed audio and environmental/physiological cues</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Statistics In Agriculture Conference Proceedings</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">audio cue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">direction virtual fencing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DVM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">free-ranging beef cattle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">heart rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polar hear rate monitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time-series analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">bibliography/10-045.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kansas State University</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manhattan, Kansas</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107-136</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This research is the first attempt at using time -series analysis to describe changes in the heart rate (HR) of free-ranging cows receiving programmed audio cues from directional virtual fencing (DVF&amp;trade;) devices designed to control the animal&amp;#39;s location on the landscape as well as non-programmed environmental/physiological cues. Polar Accurex&amp;reg; devices were used to capture HR every minute between March 19-24, 2003 when three mature free-ranging beef cows previously habituated to DVF&amp;trade; control were confined to a brush-infested area of an arid rangeland paddock. Global positioning system (GPS)electronics were used to locate each cow&amp;#39;s location approximately every minute while it was in a 58 ha virtual paddock (VP&amp;trade;) and every second when it penetrated a virtual boundary (VB&amp;trade;). The cows never escaped through the VB&amp;trade; though they penetrated it a total of 26 times in 11 different events at which time they received programmed audio cues lasting from 1 to 56 s. These data reveal that HR spikes from programmed audio cues all fell within the textbook range for cow HR (40-186 beats per minute, bpm). For both audio and selected evironmental /physiological events, HR spikes returned to pre-cuing &amp;quot;baseline&amp;quot; values in about one minute. However, the longest return time to baseline lasted (about 4 minutes) and this was for an environmental/physiological event. HR, animal location, weather and other electronic data should be measured at equally-spaced time intervals using a single time stamp so as to accurately associate HR changes with possible causes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JRN98</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Original journal Applied Animal Behavior (rejected) - change to Physiology &amp;amp; Behavior10/12/2007 resbumitted to Livestock Science&lt;/p&gt;
</style></notes><custom5><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;October 12, 2007&lt;/p&gt;
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